People who are HIV-positive and on treatment and have achieved and maintained an undetectable viral load cannot transmit HIV sexually.įor people who do not have HIV, regular use of condoms is the easiest way to prevent HIV.įor those at higher risk of HIV, PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is a medication that, when taken as prescribed, is up to 99% effective at preventing the virus. Sharing needles, syringes and other injecting equipment.Having unprotected sex without using other prevention methods – like PrEP (an HIV prevention drug) or ‘undetectable viral load’ or U=U (when a person with HIV has very low levels of the virus in their body).Anal or vaginal sex without the use of condoms.In Australia, HIV is commonly transmitted through: Most people living with HIV in Australia can expect to live long, healthy lives without ever developing AIDS, if they are on effective treatment. AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is the most advanced stage of HIV infection, when the immune system is at its weakest and a person has several specific illnesses.ĪIDS is now very rare in Australia, as HIV treatments are highly effective at protecting the immune system from the virus. HIV infection is not the same thing as AIDS. HIV is a virus that can weaken the immune system to the point that it is unable to control some infections.
Without treatment, up to 35% of babies born to women living with HIV may contract the virus. The right specialised treatment and medical care can reduce the risk of passing HIV to your unborn child to less than 1%. Talk with an HIV specialist doctor before you become pregnant. If you are living with HIV or your partner is HIV-positive, you can plan pregnancy or explore other ways to have children, depending on your wishes. Women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Australia, or women whose partner has HIV infection, may wish to have children but feel concerned about the risk of transmission of the virus to themselves (if their partner is HIV-positive) or to the baby.
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